【第12講：句子種類(lèi)（一）】

　　我們都知道，根據(jù)句子的使用目的，句子可分為陳述句，疑問(wèn)句，祈使句，感嘆句。疑問(wèn)句是?？嫉闹攸c(diǎn)，也是要掌握的難點(diǎn)，這里我們先重點(diǎn)講一下。

　　疑問(wèn)句中我們只講一講難掌握的反意疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句。

　　反意疑問(wèn)句: 在陳述句之后附上一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句，對(duì)陳述句所敘述的事實(shí)提出相反的疑問(wèn),這種疑問(wèn)句叫做反意疑問(wèn)句. 如前面陳述句部分是肯定式，后面問(wèn)句部分一般用是否定式；如前一部分是否定式，后一部分一般用肯定式.前后兩部分在人稱(chēng)，數(shù)及時(shí)態(tài)上通常保持一致. 如：You are a student，aren't you?(你是學(xué)生，對(duì)嗎？)

　　在祈使句后面用反意疑問(wèn)句，要注意人稱(chēng)的變化。如：Go to the cinema，will you?  

　　在省略的感嘆句后面，要注意主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)。如：What fine weather，isn't it?  

　　陳述句部分的主語(yǔ)如是I，疑問(wèn)部分要用 aren't I。如: I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?  

　　陳述部分用never，hardly，few，nothing,nobody,few,seldom,hardly,little　等否定含義的詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用肯定含義。如: He seldom came here,did he?  

　　陳述句部分的謂語(yǔ)是used to時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用didn't+主語(yǔ)或usedn't +主語(yǔ)。如: He used to go to school at seven, didn't he  / usedn't he?  

　　陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問(wèn)句部分用hadn't you。如: You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?  

　　陳述部分有You'd like to +v.疑問(wèn)部分用wouldn't+主語(yǔ)。如：You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?  

　　主語(yǔ)是everyone，someone，anyone，no one等不定代詞時(shí)，多用they 指代。如：Everyone is here，aren't they? (所有的人都來(lái)了嗎 )

　　主語(yǔ)是everything，something，anthing，nothing時(shí)，用it 指代。省去主語(yǔ)的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分用will you。如: Don't do that again, will you? 注意 Let's 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用shall we  Let us 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用will you  

　　陳述部分是"there be"結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問(wèn)部分用there省略主語(yǔ)代詞。如: There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?  

　　特殊疑問(wèn)句: 注意疑問(wèn)詞 how many how much , how often , how old, how long, what, what time, what day , what colour, which , when , who, whose等疑問(wèn)詞的用法。