英語基本句型有五個:S+V, S+V+Cs, S+V+O, S+V+Oi+Od, S+V+Od+Co, 其共有特征是主謂結(jié)構(gòu)(S+V)。
句子成分主要有四種:主語S、謂語動詞V、補語(主語補語Cs,賓語補語Co)和賓語(直接賓語Od,間接賓語Oi)。
●Pattern 2 (S + V + Cs)
1. 此句型的 “V” 是連系動詞,“Cs” 是主語補語,或稱表語。充當主語補語的有名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語、動詞 V-ing 形式或 V-ed 形式、不定式及名詞性從句等,如:
My first name is Bill.
Life is colorful.
Seeing is believing.
Our belief is that things will improve.
2. 常見的連系動詞有下列幾類:
a. 表示“判斷”:be;
b. 表示“變得”、“成為”:become, come, go, fall, get, grow, prove, turn 等;
c. 表示“保持著某一狀態(tài)”:hold, keep, lie, remain, rest, sit, stay 等;
d. 表示“看起來”、“好像”:appear, look, seem 等;
e. 表示“實感”:feel, sound, taste, smell 等。
e.g. She is a teacher and I am a doctor.
Spring comes and all trees turn green.
He stayed awake all night.
You don’t look happy, what's the matter?
Their plan sounds wonderful.